South Korean torpedo test

South Korean torpedo successfully tested a homemade light Cheongsangeo (Blue Shark). Torpedo with a length of 2.7 meters and weighs 280 pounds can be fired from surface ships and maritime patrol aircraft P-3C with a speed of 45 knots, the torpedo, developed since 1995 it could reach targets at a depth of 40-50 meters.

Taiwan to accept Kidd class destroyers

Taiwan received one of four Kidd-class destroyers used the U.S. Navy. Kidd class destroyers are multi-purpose originally created for the Shah of Iran, but canceled following the fall of the Shah and was withdrawn by the U.S. Navy.

Submarine Sauro (Coastal Area Specialist)

Sauro Submarine prop made a special Italian Amphibious assault, submarines chasing opponents and hit the ship above the surface in the local area. Therefore the ability to deliberately limited to cruising around the coast of Italy in the region alone.
Designed shipyard Italcantieri, Sauro formally entered operational service in 1980 and the Italian variant of modernization of this class are named Improved sauro, was introduced in the late 1980s. Specifications: length: 63.9 m Crew: 45 men, range surface: 20,385 km at a speed of 14 knots, diving range: 465 km at a speed of 4 knots, diving depth: 250 m, weaponry: 6 tube launchers, 12 torpedoes A184 units or 24 mines.

F/A-18 Super Hornet Retreat from Switzerland

Boeing states withdrew from the competition for the procurement of replacement aircraft part fighter fleet of F-5E / F Tiger II Swiss Air Force. The reason, because the plane has to offer, the F / A 18E / F Super Hornet Block II ability "Far beyond" the requirements proposed by the Swiss response to Boeing's decision, the Swiss side expressed disappointment but insists he will continue evaluation of the three other planes that follow the competition. They are made in Europe, each of the Dassault Rafale, the Eurofighter Typhoon, and the JAS 39 Gripen from Saab.

Bulava Production Beckons

Production Of Russia's Bulava 30 Submarine launched ballistic missile will start in 2009, Deputy Prime Minister Sergei Ivanov said after a successful flight test from the Typhoon class ballistic missile submarine (SSBN) Dmitry Donskoy.
Bulava 30 can carry six or more independently targetable nuclear warheads and will equip Borey class SSBNs from 2010 when the first boat, Yuri Dolgoruky enters service.

RAM For KDX

The South Korean Navy has chosen the Raytheon Mk 31 Mod 1 Rolling Air Missile (RAM) guided missile weapon system for its three KDX-II destroyer program, selecting it over two competing system: the Israel Barak and French Crotale VT-1, South Korea will be the third country to purchase RAM after Germany and the USA.

Brazil Want Torpedo

Brazilian government intends to buy 30 units of Torpedo MK 48 Mod 6 Advanced Technology torpedo from the U.S.. This plan deals with anti-submarine weapons modernization of this country ever purchased in the mid 80's era. Funds are needed for modernization reaches 60 million dollars.

Chile to buy Harpoon

U.S. Congress approved the purchase of 20 units of missile RGM-84L Harpoon Block II to Chile. The total amount spent for the missile procurement programs reach 50 million dollars. The plan all Harpoon will be installed on a fleet of warships Dutch Navy Frigate ex newly purchased Chile

HMS Invincible early retirement

British Royal navy official resting HMS Invincible aircraft carrier in August 2005, and operates the British Navy in 1977 Invincible, by disabling the British ship now operates just one aircraft carrier HMS Illustrions ie. Sister ships, HMS Ark Royal, is currently in large-scale modifications. British Defense Ministry plans to replace the entire fleet of its parent with Varian, CVF in the year 2012.

Orion To Pakistan

Pakistan because of strong U.S. ally bet in the fight against terrorism, this superpower country the green light from the purchase of P3C Orion, recorded eight maritime reconnaissance aircraft which later changed hands and will be the eighth such aircraft worth 970 million dollars. In addition to Orion, Washington also approved the shipment of two jet fighters F -16 Fighting Falcon to Pakistan.

Rigid Hull Inflatable Boat

Rigid Hull Inflatable Boat RHIB classified or new weapons for the war shallow sea. Despite the small dimension but diombak fierce maneuvering affairs, mastermind of pure RHIB. embraced the concept because rigid hull models and structuring the center of gravity right ship, 3 crew transport capacity and 8 personnel, and weapons in the bow.

Sea Jet

Various development projects future warships the U.S. Navy is doing today. One of the physical form was already labeled AESD project (Advanced Electric Ship Demonstrator) Sea Jet, compared to the ships of war today, the bow of the Sea Jet fairly unique. Angle that serves as a breaking wave is made upside down.

The uniqueness does not stop until there, behind him there is a new type of propulsion called water jet device reportedly developed by the legendary British engine manufacturer, Rolls Royce. If deemed suitable to be used then the concept of Sea Jet is going to be applied to level Destroyer warships.

Indian Submarine

An Indian submarine managed to implement a series of trials, the ship is a ship Kilo-class diesel submarine, the ship was purchased India in 2002 before entering operational service, some improvements done on the ship.
Call it anti-ship missile installation of Club-S and increased combat capabilities and navigation devices hydro-acoustic.

Missile AGM-114 Hellfire

Air-to-surface missile is a powerful weapon attack helicopters, including Black Hawk, Sea Hawk, Apache and Super Cobra. Hellfire is an acronym of Heliborne, lasers, fire and forget. Three first-generation medium-range missiles is using laser seekers, while the fourth generation to use frekuency radar seeker. Created early in 1970, then Hellfire is not only used in the helicopter.

Philippines Search Heli Attack

Like Indonesia, the Philippines is one of the Asean countries are preoccupied with the weapon. Therefore, the military armed with more adequate equipment is the best way.
Philippines Department of Defense has approved a fund worth 134 million U.S. dollars for the procurement of helicopter attack and versatile. Class heli AH-1 Cobra but the lighter, less sophisticated and less expensive is a targeted helicopter.

Battlecruiser Kirov class

Kirov is the world's largest cruiser, and several parties in the class rank fighter explorer (Battlecruiser). Kirov crammed as detection devices, such as two high-powered radar, two navigation radars, two kinds of sonar until no fewer than 13 fire control radar (fire control radar). Seabrek carried weapons including two 130mm guns, 20 long-range anti-missile Granit (SS-N-19 Shipwreck) supersonic berkecapatan, 96 surface-to-air missile (SAM) Remote S300F, 40 medium SAM Osa-MA, 192 short-range SAMs Kashtan, 10 torpedo, 142 anti-submarine rockets and eight weapons at close range defense (CIWS) AK-630 caliber 30mm, Kirov is also capable of carrying three multifunctional helicopter Ka-27.
With two nuclear reactors that became a source of motive power, Kirov able to race without stopping while the rivals must be accompanied by the supply ship during remote operation, Granit missiles which brought a scourge of multi-variant own engagement with the program they have. If fired several missiles at once, they can share objective data with a different route.
Unfortunately, following the dissolution of the Soviet Union, the fate of Kirov so uncertain. Russia's financial difficulties can only operate two of the four ships that have been built, RSF and RSF Nakhimof Admiral Pyotr Velikiy.

Lanzhou Class Destroyer ships (Type 052C)

Lanzhou is the next-generation destroyer made in China which is the successor of Type 052B destroyer (Guangzhou class). This destroyer is often considered a "cheat sheet" of the Russian Sovremeny class destroyer. Similar to Ticonderoga class cruisers, Lanzhou combat functions more focused on air defense. That's why these detection systems and anti-submarine weaponry he was carrying more functions as the elements to survive.

Chinese pride destroyer is the first Navy ship bamboo curtain country dilengkapai type phased array radar called SAPARS (Shipborne Active Phased Array Radar System), similar AN/SPY-1. It is said that this sophisticated sensing could not be separated from technical support Ukraine. Sonar Affairs also not free from foreign technical, such as France.

Lanzhou carried weapons including a cannon caliber 100mm Type 210, two 30mm caliber CIWS, eight anti-missile c602, remote SAM 48 HQ-9 semi-active radar-guided, 76 anti-submarine rockets and six torpedo tubes, Lanzhou capable of carrying a helicopter anti-submarine , could be Ka-28 Russian-made or Z-9 locally made (N AS365 Dauphin Heli license China) after Lanzhou, China also made a unit of another ship that is Haikou sister ships.

RAM for KDX-3 Destroyer

Seoul placed an order with Ray theori Missile Systems in early October 2004 to equip the Republic of Korea Navy's (ROKN's) three new KDX-3 AEGIS equipped destroyers with RAM close in self defence weapon. Valued at US $ 25 million, the contract is the fourth RAM procurement awarded by the ROKN, which already mounts the system on its KDX-2 destroyers, and plans to fit it on board a new LPD due to be launched next year.

Hobart Class Contract signed

Contracts have been signed by L-3 Communications, Sagem and Terma for the provision of combat system capabilities in Australia's future Hobart class destroyers. Worth a total of AUD 18 million, the three contracts will see the delivery of an infrared seach and track capability and a navigation radar system for the 5,850 ton air warfare ships.

USS Harpers Ferry (LSD 49)

Is the first ship from the ships of landing ship dock (LSD) which then developed with the class name of Harpers Ferry. Created by the company's Avondale Shipyard in New Orleans in 1993. Harpers Ferry was first served on 7 January 1995, and this ship is the LSD of the development project that can accommodate troops plus equipment with one of the ways of shortening the deck, and is also able to connect with the small boats used for landings.

On 1 September 2002, Ferry was assigned to the base Sosebo, Japan to replace USS Germatown (LSD-42) and joined the Amphibious Group 1 in the Essex Amphibious Ready Group.

Task Force (Task Force) U.S. Seventh Fleet

For the purpose of operating and administrative, Command seventh fleet is divided into several Task Force (Task Force) with the specialization of each, namely:
* Task Force 70 (CTF 70): It is the Battle Force or Task Force. CTF is divided into two groups, the first group is the Surface Combatant Force (surface combat troops). Consists of a cruiser (Cruiser) and Destroyer ships (destroyers). The second group is the Carrier Strike Force or Army Mother Ship, the USS Kity Hawk (CV-63) which has a Mother Ship Air Wing (Carrier Air Wing-5). In conducting its operations tasks, the Task Force Battle Force and the aircraft carrier accompanied CVW-5.
* Task Force 72 (CTF-72): It is Reconnaisance Patrol Task Force or Patrol and Reconnaissance. CTF is mainly comprised of aircraft anti-submarine (ASW) and maritime patrol aircraft like the P-3 Orion and the spy plane EP-3 is operated from the mainland.
* Task Force 73 (CTF-73): It is the Force Logistic or Logistic Task Force. CTF is composed of ships suppliers (supply ships) and support vessels (support vessels).
* Task Force 74 (CTF-74): It is the Fleet Submarine Force or Task Force Fleet submarine). CTF is responsible for operations of the submarine.
* Task Force 75 (CTF-75): There is Surface Combat Force (Surface Combatant Force) that under the CTF -70. CTF is responsible for the operation of the cruiser (Cruiser) and destroyers (Destroyers).
* Task Force 76 (CTF-76): It is the Amphibious Assault Task Force or Strike Amphibious Task Force. CTF is responsible for the support of the Marine landing operations. Consists of units capable of landing the landing troops. The ships are operated between the other class Tarawa, Wasp class Amphibious assault ships and craft Landing.
* Task Force 77 (CTF-77): There is Carrier Strike Force or the Master Ship Task Force under CTF-70. Consists of the USS Kitty Hawk with air Wing, CVW-5.
* Task Force 79 (CTF-79): It is the Marine Expeditionary Unit. Also known as the Landing Force or landing troops. Consists of a battalion of Marines and supporting equipment.

Pacific Fleet Command Aircraft carrier

Pacific Fleet Command has several aircraft carriers, among others:
* USS Kitty Hawk (CV-63)
* USS Nimitz (CVN-68)
* USS Carl Vinson (CVN-70)
* USS Abraham Lincoln (CVN-72)
* USS John C Stennis (CVN-74)
* USS Ronald Reagan (CVN-76)
Six aircraft carriers above are part of around 12 aircraft carriers are owned by the U.S. today. Six other aircraft carriers, the USS Enterprise (CVN-65), USS John F Kennedy (CV-67), USS Dwight D Eisenhower (CVN-69), Theodere USS Roosevelt (CVN-71), USS George Washington (CVN-73 ), and USS Harry S Truman (CVN-75) is under the control of Commander U.S. Atlantic Fleet (COMLANTFLT).

U.S. Navy Fleet

Need a hundred years to form and have a strong navy. U.S. has started since the 1880s, and the doctrine of Manifest Destiny became a symbol of American desire to dominate the world. Power of the U.S. Navy fleet is divided into a large Fleet Command of the Pacific Fleet and Atlantic Fleet and the full is:

* Fleet unity: It is U.S. Coast Guard. Being in the Navy command in a state of war or emergency.
* The second fleet: Being under the control of Commander U.S. Atlantic Fleet. Ship flagship USS Mount Whitney. headquartered in Norfolk, Virginia.
* Third Fleet: The main operating area of East Pacific Ocean and the North. Ship flagship USS Coronado. Headquartered in San Diego, California.
* Fifth Fleet: The main operating area east of the center. Headquartered in Manama, Bahrain.
* Sixth Fleet: Regional operations in the Mediterranean Sea. Ship flagship USS La Salle.
* Seventh Fleet: The main operating area in the Western Pacific, Indian Ocean and Arabian Gulf. Ship flagship USS Blue Ridge. Headquartered in Yokosuka.

Marine Aircraft Group 36 (MAG-36)

Talk about the backbone of marine fleet controlled helicopter fleet of the seven, it means relating to Marine Aircraft Group 36 (MAG-36). understand almost all types owned by Heli Air Group which was formed in 1952. Ranging from large-capacity transport helicopter CH-46E of the Sea Knight, CH-53 Sea Stallion transport helicopter was to UN-1N Huey Naval. Problem strike capabilities, this group also includes combat helicopter AH-1W Super Cobra Gunship or variants of Naval Huey.Terakhir, MAG-36 Squadron also inhabited the VMGR-152 Hercules tanker powered variant, the KC-130R. All aircraft and helicopter were divided into Marine Air Squadron 11.

RSS Panglima

Singapore Navy training facility by adding diresmikannya Republic Of Singapore Navy's (RSN) RSS Commander-Changi Naval Training Base is located west dibagian Changi Naval Base, RSS Panglima - Changi Naval Training Base thereby becoming the new home for the RSN's Training Commmand (TRACOM). TRACOM responsible for implementing all aspects of Singapore Navy personnel training. RSS Panglima - Changi Naval Training Base supported the latest technologies such as Ship Handling Simulator, Platform Emulation Systems Center, Submarine Steering and Dive Trainer, and Basic Naval Trainer.

Turkey to buy Heli

Requests Turkey decided to buy 17 units from the Sikorsky Seahawk helicopter USA. In the purchase contract mentioned, the first batch consisting of 12 units with an option for five additional units. Heli-choppers were purchased to meet the needs of the Navy, the current Turkish Armed Forces have been operating eight variants S-70B Seahawk.

Europe aircraft carrier

Two European countries, France and England agreed to build aircraft carriers. Jane's Defense Industry said France would use the program's future aircraft carriers English (CVF) as a project pa2. This project is done Thales and DCN. Mother Ship pa2 France's estimated to weigh 60,000 tons.

South Korea warship

South Korean shipyard, Hanjin Heavy Industries & contructions launch a new landing craft design weighs 13,000 tons into the category of Large Deck Landing Ship, this ship is part of the landing craft program labeled LPX future. technically a ship 200 meters long with a deck width of 43 meters. Cruising speed reached 43 knots per hour. while the carrying capacity of 700 troops, 10 CH Heli-60 variants, seven armour amphibians, six tanks and two small landing boats and can be operated LPX expected in 2010.

New LHD Spanish

Landing craft new LHD Spanish variant launched in 2007 from Ferrol dockyard-Fene, this ship technically classified as the greatest ever made Spain that can accommodate 243 crew, 103 staff officers, 172 crew, 23 officers and 902 infantry landing.

Australia patrol boat

Australia's new patrol boats to operate first, HMAS Armidable, technical ship 56.8 meters long dimension is adopting a number of breakthrough design example of the stomach is designed to be stable so that the speed of 25 knots. Balancing device is also applied to the canon MK.2 Rafael Typhoon 25 millimeters caliber. Australia reportedly will operate similar to a dozen ships Fremantle class boats.

Frigate seizure Former

Most people are reluctant to pursue thrift, the law apparently does not apply to warships business units proved three Type 23 Frigate former British Navy which is currently being contested Belgium, Chile, and Pakistan. Of the three countries had practically the first bidder Chile. The British government seems to hold back. As a result, today there are two other countries that participated in the auction and sell decisions warships are part of the policy of the British Armed forces.

War Ship To Tunisia

Tunisian Government has bought six fast patrol boats (FPB - Fast Patrol Boat) from Germany. German Defense Ministry said the ship had bought a variant of Type 143 Albatros class. To purchase this warship, Tunisia should provide funds for 33 million Euros. This ship procurement project is a form of German-Tunisian cooperation in efforts to tackle terrorist activities world.

Pakistan bought Frigate

Pakistan bought four Frigate made in China, which purchased the ship type is a variant of the F-22P Frigate. Later on these ships would be equipped with anti-submarine helicopter, the missile's surface and anti-aircraft missiles.

New Russian Submarine

Russian submarine fleet will get new reinforcements, there are three submarines that would strengthen Russia and the Navy had two units of a nuclear submarine and the rest diesel. Elaborated further nuclear submarines capable strategic missile shot taken from an Akula-class (Project 941) with a fourth-generation reactor completeness Dmitry Donskoi. While for a conventional submarine Lada class (Project 677).

India Local aircraft carrier

The Indian government has approved the plan-making domestic carrier. Ship development program is weighing 37,500 tons carried Cochin shipyard Shipyard Limited, a project that spent funds for 640 million dollars and is expected to locally made aircraft carriers could operate the Indian Navy in 2011-2012. Indian Navy future aspire to operate at least three aircraft carriers, a new country now has a carrier INS Virat.

Local Iranian Submarine

Iran began producing homemade submarine, named Ghadir submarine is full of the latest technology including call it super silent Uncategorized machine until the missile throwing ability and torpedoes simultaneously. The presence of these new submarines will increase the water force the Iranian Navy now operates six submarine SSK / SSI Russian-made Kilo.

F-35 For U.S. Navy

Will strengthen the U.S. Navy fighter fleet with the purchase of jet fighters F-35 as many as 480. In task F-35 fighter will accompany F/A-18 Hornet fighter jets that have become a mainstay of the U.S. Navy.

Tomahawk IV

Replenish U.S. Navy cruise missile arsenal most gress type and Block IV Tomahawk Block IV has the advantages of communication via satellite two-way, so the missile can be programmed and re-launched missile after it's first installed onboard the destroyer USS Stethem (DDG 63).

Stiletto exhibited

U.S. Navy ships are still showing experimental status Stiletto when moored in San Diego, the ship that this concept has a double hull length over 80 feet and has a carbon-composite hull. Stiletto is capable skyrocketed to over 50 knots, built specifically to support special operations that require quick movement.

Destroyer Share Data

Two Arleigh Burke class destroyers shared ballistic missile tracking data with land based assets during the US Missile Defence Agency's test flight of ground launched midcourse interception system on 5 December 2009. USS Higgins and USS Benfold shared target data acquired by their AN/SPY-1D E/F band radar with the Beale Ballistic Missile Early warning Radar System in Nothern California, which used its X-band AN/TPY-2 radar system to track the target.

Tarawa Bird Farewell

The Amphibious assault ship USS Tarawa (LHA 1) was retired by the US Navy on 4 December 2009, after 32 years service. Two Tarawa class ships remain in commission, although they will eventually be replaced by the LHA 6-class of assault ship, the first of which is under contruction at Northrop Grumman's Pascagoula yard. Launch is scheduled for 2010 with commisioning in 2012/13.

Adelaides Find Support

BAE System has signed a five year AUD60 million deal to support Australia's four Adelaide class frigates. The company will provide engineering, maintenance and logistic support from 1 January 2009. Meanwhile, HMAS Darwin and HMAS Sydney have completed major upgrades and were delivered by Thales back to the Department of defence on 18 November 2008; HMAS Melbourne and HMAS Newcastle will follow in 2009.

SM-2 missiles Australia

The Australian Government plans to buy anti-aircraft missile SM-2 Block IIIA Standard, Australia would buy about 175 units of missiles, telemetry system 30 units plus spare parts. Funds needed for the procurement of weapons reach 315 million dollars. Later SM-2 missiles will be installed on Australian Navy Destroyer ship , relying on Australian Navy Standard Missile SM-1 variants.

Test New Smart Bomb

U.S. marine forces had the honor to test a new version of smart bombs, the test pilot was facility with Navy, China Lake Test Range, California by using F/A-18 Hornet fighter jet. Weapons referred coded EGBU-12 Paveway II. Unlike the previous variants, Raytheon provide a supplement for the E (Enhanced) on the front.
Of course with this code change there is an excess owned, as a guiding device, EGBU adopt a double system of Global Positioning System satellites and lasers. combination deliberately manufacturers to boost picture kemempuan as GPS functions during bad weather conditions while actively guiding the new laser is used as a bomb hit a moving target and is said to carry the new variant is the smart bomb the U.S. Navy did not need modification Hornet fleet.

First Growler for USN

U.S. Navy (U.S. Navy) receive aircraft EA-18g Growler's first to be operated. The aircraft made by Boeing is the latest electronic attack aircraft, which is a combination of strike aircraft Boeing F/A-18F Super Hornet Block 2 to the receiving system ALQ-218 (V) 2 which was developed by Northrop Grumman, which has the ability of future generations of electronic attack, next-generation electronic attack capability.
USN chose this aircraft to replace the EA-6B Prowler that has operated since 1971. USN Growler which is actually received since September last year has been operated for testing and operational development. After the transition from Prowler to Growler completed in 2013, USN will have 85 aircraft EA-18g to support operational and training squadrons.

UK Scraps French Carrier

The ex-French Navy aircraft carrier Clemenceau (now know as hull Q790) is to be dismantled by Able UK following approval by the UK's Environment Agency. The 32,780-ton former flagship will be towed from Brest to the Seaton Port TERRC (Teesside Environmental Reclamation and Recycling Centre) in Hartlepool in early 2009.

Germany Clears Way For Third Berlin Class CSS

Germany's Parliement cleared the way on 3 December for the country's ministry of defence to procure a third Berlin Class combat support ship (CSS). It will enter in 2013, The ship will cost EUR330.46 million (USD423 million) and be built by a joint consortium of four German Shipyard.
As yet Unnamed , it will cost almost twice as much as its predecessor because it will incorporate not only systems the first two ship lacked such as an improved air conditioning system for tropical operations but also new technology required by the latest environmental and seafaring regulations.
The German Navy has acknowledged for some time the need for at least one more CSS of this class to support the Navy's 15 frigate and the five corvettes soon to be in service.

Kedah Class Expand

The Malaysian goverment has approved the procurement of second a batch of six Kedah class (MEKO 100 RMN) offshore patrol vessel for the Royal Malaysian Navy. Contruction at Bousted Naval Shipyard is expected to start once delivery of the first batch of six ships is completed. Ships five and six, Kelantan and Selangor, are due to enter service by early 2010.

USS San Antonio Sets Sail Following Repairs

USS San Antonio, the US Navy,s first in class Amphibious transport dock, has set on its maiden deployment following last minute repairs to defective equipment, the 25,885 ton warship left Norfolk Virginia, on 28 August two days later than planned prior to joining the Iwo Jima Expeditionary Strike Group in the north Atlantic Ocean.
Twenty four hours before the vessel was due to depart, crew members found that seven bolts in one of the stern gate's hydraulic arms were broken, according to Paul Taylor, spokesman for Naval Surface Force Atlantic.
USS San Antonio the first of a class of eight ships was launched at Northop Grumman Ships system's Avondale, Louisiana, yard in July 2003 and commisioned in January 2006 after difficulties in the design phase had led to a two year delay in its delivery date.
The new class is designed to control and support landing forces disembarking by LCAC hovercraft, helicopter or MV-22 Osprey tilt rotor aircraft, it has a lift capability of 720 embarked marines with 24,000 sq ft of deck space for vehicles and 34,000 cu ft of cargo space below decks.The well deck can carry two LCACs or one landing craft Utility, or 14 Expeditionary Fighting Vehicles, while the hanger can accommodate two CH-46 Helicopter or one CH-53 Helicopter or one MV-22, there is also a 24 bed medical facility.
The launch and commisioning of the second, third and fourth San Antonio class ships was delayed owing to shipyard damage caused by Hurricane Katrina in 2005. Ships two (USS New Orleans) and three (USS Mesa Verde) were commissioned in March and December 2007. Ship four (Green Bay) cleared the Navy's Board of Inspection and Survey in August 2008 and scheduled to commission 0n 24 January 2009.